T\u00e1m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/em><\/strong> m\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 12,4GW, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 2.000GW. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Los Angeles, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Sierra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 24.000 chi\u1ebfc g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 20 m\u1eabu Anh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6.400MW. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 hai<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c. Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 7% nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 31 GW v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 67GW. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u1edf Ph\u00e1p. (\u1ea2nh: gizmodo.com)<\/em><\/p>\n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i Houston M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Hydro Green Energy (HGE). Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tuabin gi\u00f3, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, l\u00e0m quay 3 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 4 m\u00e9t, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y r\u1ebb h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb gi\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 4-7 cent\/kwh so v\u1edbi 10 cent\/kwh.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 ba<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc. Hi\u1ec7n nay ethanol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 m\u00eda, t\u1ea3o, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 cho giao th\u00f4ng l\u1eabn ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 643.000 th\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 3,4 tri\u1ec7u th\u00f9ng\/ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Pennsylsivania, M\u1ef9, \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o methanol, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 trong kh\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n Qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra methane r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, g\u1ed3m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt c\u00e1cbon (CO2) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giam trong d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a vi khu\u1ea9n methanogens v\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o, th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1cbon n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 900 GW v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Na Uy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Hywind, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 1 tua bin 2,3 MW, n\u1eb7ng 152 t\u1ea5n, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 65m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u00e0n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed an to\u00e0n, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a carbon. Hi\u1ec7n nay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 372 GW t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 700 GW nh\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 III +: d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng \u00e1p; th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 IV: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ecfi v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 V: d\u00f9ng l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u00f3ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 Iceland. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 10 GW \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 700 GW.<\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch s\u1ea1ch. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.460 GW \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t hay than \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 3.830 GW nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1cbon th\u00e0nh xi m\u0103ng. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, theo \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c than \u0111i qua l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. CO2\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi magi\u00ea v\u00e0 canxi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xi m\u0103ng, l\u00e0m b\u00eat\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam:<\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m 80% c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1990, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, mang t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. T\u00e1m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1550,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,20],"tags":[604,603,605,606],"class_list":["post-1548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-ky-thuat","tag-cong-nghe-nhiet-mat-troi","tag-cong-nghe-san-xuat-dien","tag-cong-nghe-san-xuat-dien-thuy-dong-luc","tag-nguon-nang-luong-moi"],"yoast_head":"\n![\"c\u00f4ng](\"http:\/\/codienlanh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/Nh\u1eefng-c\u00f4ng-ngh\u1ec7-s\u1ea3n-xu\u1ea5t-\u0111i\u1ec7n-trong-t\u01b0\u01a1ng-lai-1.jpg\")
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